Fingertip-positioned artery stabilizer

ABSTRACT

An artery stabilizer device, which is held in place by a technician over a targeted artery using just one or two fingertips of the technician&#39;s hand, is provided for stabilizing the artery while the user inserts the needle of a syringe into the artery. A pair of stabilizer fingers, which protrude from the bottom surface of a finger-hold platform, hold the artery in place while the needle is inserted into the artery distal the tips of the stabilizer fingers. In one embodiment, a gauze pad is attached beneath the finger-hold platform, allowing the user to quickly apply a dressing over the wound created by the needle puncture. Another embodiment provides a needle guide between extended stabilizer fingers for stabilizing the needle during the arterial puncture. Each embodiment creates an augmented pulse at the targeted needle insertion site, making it easier for the technician to palpate the pulse there. Arterial line insertions can also be facilitated using this invention.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of Invention

This invention relates generally to blood vessel stabilizing devices,specifically to an artery stabilizer device which a technician holds inplace over a targeted artery using a fingertip of the technician's hand,to prepare the artery for the insertion of a needle therein.

2. History of Technology

In order to insert a percutaneous needle into a targeted artery, amedical technician will often struggle with instability of the arteryduring the procedure; the artery may tend to move away from an incomingneedle. A second problem is that the artery may be hard to locate. Athird problem is that it is impossible to keep exposed fingers safelyaway from the puncture site. The present invention solves theseproblems.

The withdrawal of arterial blood from a patient is a common procedure intoday's health care settings. Arterial blood gas, or “ABG” analysisserves to provide vital information concerning the respiratory status ofthe patient. Blood is drawn anaerobically from an artery such as theradial, brachial, femoral, or dorsalis pedis artery, via a percutaneousneedle puncture. The preferred site is the radial artery. A bloodspecimen is collected for direct measurement of the partial pressures ofcarbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen (PaO2), hydrogen ion activity (pH),total hemoglobin (Hbtotal), oxyhemoglobin saturation (HbO2), and thedyshemoglobins carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and methemoglobin (MetHb).Sampling typically may only be performed by trained and certified healthcare personnel.

A modified Allen Test (collateral circulation test) should always beperformed by a technician before the technician inserts a needle into apatient's radial artery. The Allen Test determines if blood is capableof flowing through the ulnar artery. The ulnar artery is the only othersource of blood to the hand aside from the radial artery. A negativetest result is indicative of inadequate collateral blood supply to thehand and requires the selection of another location as the site forarterial access.

To obtain an arterial blood sample, the technician will first determinethe precise location in which to insert the needle of a syringe into theartery of the patient. Once an appropriate site is located, the needleis inserted by the technician into the selected artery until the arteryis penetrated and the syringe's blood receptacle fills with sufficientblood. Then, the needle is removed from within the artery, the wound isdressed, and the needle is capped to prevent needle injuries. Thearterial blood draw process is difficult and prone to errors, even whenthe technician has ample experience. Because of the traumatic nature ofthe procedure, and the large number of complications that may arise, itis important for the technician to try to obtain the arterial bloodproperly and effectively on the first attempt. Prior art has seriouslyfailed to provide technicians with adequate means to obtain a successfularterial blood sample regularly on the first attempt.

An unrestrained artery may tend to move away from an incoming needle,particularly in older patients whose skin has lost elasticity. A loss ofelasticity in the skin creates a loss of stability around the artery,which allows the artery to roll around under the surface of the skin. Itis possible for a needle tip to push the artery away from its path,causing the technician to miss the targeted artery completely. Thepresent invention solves this problem by providing an artery stabilizerto hold the artery in place.

Currently, the technician will press her or his finger over theanticipated arterial puncture site and then estimate where the arterylies under that finger; it is a rough estimate and the technician oftenmiscalculates. Alternatively, the technician may place two fingers overthe artery and attempt to hold the artery between the fingertips,inserting the needle between the two fingertips to penetrate the artery.This method has its limitations; the technician should have a tight pairof gloves, cannot have long finger nails, and will rely on bulkyfingertips to pinpoint a relatively thin artery between them, and thistechnique is impossible to use on infants and small children. Thepresent invention uses an artery stabilizer to hold the artery withintwo integrated stabilizer fingers at the base of the device, and itpartially occludes the artery during use; this creates an augmentedpulse at the site where the needle will enter the artery, simplifyingpalpation of the artery and vastly diminishing the labor involved inidentifying where to insert the needle. The artery stabilizer furtherallows the technician to keep any of the technician's exposedextremities substantially away from the puncture site while insertingthe needle into the targeted artery, thus improving safety.

Because of low blood pressure, a patient's pulse may be weak and hard tolocate. It is sometimes necessary for the technician to perform anarterial puncture “blindly,” merely stabbing the site where thetechnician considers the best option for obtaining arterial access. Thepresent invention helps to create an augmented pulse that is palpableeven in cases of low blood pressure.

Most ABG protocols allow a technician to try three consecutive needleinsertions without removing the needle tip beyond the subcutaneoustissue. As the angle of insertion changes within the dermis, the needleslices through the tissue in its path, and may even lacerate the artery.Any change in the angle of needle insertion can inflict severe pain ontoa conscious patient. The present invention improves the chances for asuccessful puncture on the first try, thus minimizing pain, effort, andtime.

The present invention also aids the technician in placing the introducerneedle of a catheter syringe directly into a targeted artery. Arterialcatheters, also known as arterial lines, are installed for, among otherthings, monitoring the blood pressure of a patient and for patients whorequire frequent blood draws. Current methods for inserting suchcatheters suffer from the same difficulties as those in attempting anarterial puncture for blood withdrawal. Using the present invention, thetechnician operates the catheter syringe the same as a typical syringe,benefiting from the augmented pulse created by the pressure of thestabilizer fingers over the selected artery to install the cathetereffectively.

PRIOR ART

The number of devices within the realm of prior art related specificallyto artery stabilizer devices is currently very limited. One such device,described by Ayer, is an invention which presses two protrusions down oneither side of a targeted portion of a radial artery in order to holdthe artery in place and prevent the artery from moving away from anincoming needle. The Ayer device requires a band to be strapped aroundthe wrist of the patient. This band may tend to occlude the ulnar arteryand thus restrict vital collateral blood flow through the ulnar arteryto the hand. If the radial artery becomes occluded during the blood drawprocedure, complete absence of blood flow to the hand can result,causing tissue trauma or death within that extremity. The currentinvention does not require a band to be placed around the wrist; moreadvantageously, it is a small device which is held in place by thetechnician over the targeted artery, thereby eliminating the risk ofimpeding the collateral blood flow through the ulnar artery when theradial artery is targeted. Another benefit over the Ayer device is thatthe present invention may be used on any artery, not just the radialartery. Another limitation of the Ayer device is that the devicemaintains a constant pressure over the targeted artery. As a result, itis not possible to reduce that pressure when it is time to withdraw theneedle from the puncture site; the augmented pulse pressure can causeincreased blood spillage out of the wound when the needle is removed.The present invention allows the technician to release the pressure overthe artery before removing the needle from the puncture site.

Several devices have been proposed for stabilizing a vein forvenipuncture, but none of the devices provide proper support forarterial puncture.

For arterial puncture, the blood vessel stabilizer portion of the deviceshould be relatively small to accommodate the limited space over theradial artery near the patient's hand, it should be shaped to facilitatepalpation of the targeted puncture site by the technician, and it shouldbe shaped to allow the insertion of a needle into the artery nearest thepatient's heart relative to the stabilizer.

The device should be designed to allow a proper angle of needle passageinto the artery, and it should be easily removed; it cannot be bound ortaped down during use. These features are all present in the currentinvention. The present invention allows the technician to palpate thetargeted puncture site with the same hand that holds the device downover the artery. The present invention may include an adjustable arterystabilizer to accommodate various sizes of targeted arteries.

OBJECTS AND ADVANTAGES

Several objects and advantages of the present invention includeproviding a fingertip-positioned artery stabilizer device that:

(a) holds a targeted artery in place for the insertion of a needletherein.

(b) isolates the artery and creates an augmented pulse for easyidentification of the precise location of the artery.

(c) is held in place by the technician using only one hand.

(d) allows unrestricted blood flow through the ulnar artery.

(e) shields the technician's finger from the sharp needle tip duringuse, to prevent inadvertent injury.

(f) is inexpensive to manufacture, simple and intuitive to use,disposable, light-weight, and reusable if cleaned and disinfectedproperly.

(g) can be used on any individual of any age and size, and on anysuitable artery.

(h) minimizes the need for multiple attempts to penetrate the artery.

(i) allows the technician to regulate the pressure of the device overthe artery and to easily release the pressure before removing the needlefrom that artery.

(j) can be used for inserting a catheter into a targeted artery.

(k) can be applied over the targeted artery using one finger of one ofthe technician's hands, allowing another finger of the same hand tosimultaneously apply pressure over that artery beyond the insertion siteto stop the blood flow to the insertion site.

(l) can be used with a large variety of available syringes.

(m) allows the technician to alter the width between each arterystabilizer finger.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment which utilizesa clip to hold the device on the fingertip of the technician's hand, andincludes a needle guide.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment which utilizesa grasping member which helps the technician to wield the device.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment which utilizesa finger cot to hold the device on the fingertip of the technician'shand, and a needle is passed over the device rather than below theplatform.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment where theneedle is passed over the device rather than below the platform.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a gauze dressing member which can bedetached from the device and secured over a wound.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a track adapted to allow adjustabilityof the distance between each stabilizer finger

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1-7 represent various embodimentsand designs of the present invention. Turning first to FIG. 1, arterystabilizer 10 is attached to platform 12. Stabilizer fingers 14 and 16emanate from the bottom surface of platform 12. The technician pressesthe bottom surface of stabilizer fingers 14 and 16 over each side of atargeted artery before an arterial puncture attempt. The technician thenpalpates the targeted insertion site to verify proper placement, andthen inserts the needle of a syringe or other needle-bearing device intothe targeted artery between fingers 14 and 16, distal the tips offingers 14 and 16. The tip of the needle would pass beneath platform 12,between extensions 14′ and 16′ of each stabilizer finger, and thenthrough point 17 and into the targeted artery. Alternatively, only onefinger protrudes beneath platform 12, and the single finger would holdonly one side rather than both sides of a targeted artery. Graspingmember 18 protrudes above platform 12 to give the technician somethingto grasp in order to more easily maneuver the device. The device can beremoved from the work site prior to removing the needle from within theartery, thus freeing one of the technician's hands for dressing thewound created by the needle puncture. The invention is capable of beingreused if it is cleaned and disinfected properly. It can be made of anydurable solid material such as plastic or metal. It can be transparentor opaque.

Turning now to FIG. 2, clip 22 flexes to allow the technician to placeone of the technician's fingers between platform 24 and clip 22, clip 22thereby holding the device on the technician's fingertip. Needle guide26 helps stabilize and position the needle of a syringe during a needleinsertion procedure; the technician presses the shaft of the needleagainst needle guide 26 as the needle is moved toward or away from atargeted artery. Extension 28 lengthens the distance between platform 24and the bottom surface of each stabilizer finger.

Turning to FIG. 3, grasping member 30 has a different shape. Thegrasping member can be shaped and sized in a vast number of alternativeways.

Referring to FIG. 4, an alternative embodiment utilizes finger cot 32 tohold artery stabilizer 34 on the finger of the technician. Thetechnician places the finger in through opening 36. The cot may be madeof pliable plastic, latex, or any other elastic or flexible material,preferably a hypoallergenic material.

Referring now to FIG. 5, clip 40 secures finger-hold platform 42 to thetechnician's finger. The technician's finger is held in place betweenflexible clip 40 and the top surface 44 of platform 42. Any finger maybe used to support the device over the targeted artery, but the thumb orthe index finger is recommended. By using the thumb, the technician canuse the index or middle finger of the same hand to apply pressure overthe artery distal the insertion site before the needle is retracted fromwithin the artery, thus occluding the flow of blood through the arteryand preventing blood from spilling out of the wound when the needle isremoved from the puncture site. This gives the technician time to placea gauze dressing over the wound without encountering blood spillage.Another method is to release the pressure which the device exerts overthe artery before the needle is removed from the artery, therebybringing the augmenting pulse pressure back to normal. The techniciancan then remove the needle from the artery without encountering undueblood spillage just before applying a dressing over the puncture wound.

Turning now to FIG. 6, gauze dressing member 48 includes gauze pad 50which is attached to the bottom of gauze holder 52. Gauze dressingmember 48 can be installed or removed from within gauze holder track 54which is integrated beneath platform 56. Gauze holder edges 58 areshaped to slide into gauze track 54. After the needle insertionprocedure, the technician can move gauze pad 50 over the wound to dressit. By retaining graspable tabs 60, the technician can slide the entiredevice off of dressing member 48, leaving just dressing member 48 overthe wound. Dressing member 48 can be taped down over the wound.

Turning finally to FIG. 7, extension members 14′ and 16′ are slidablysituated within artery stabilizer adjustment track 40 so that thedistance between each stabilizer finger can be altered to accommodatevarious sizes of targeted arteries. It can be designed as a more complexapparatus, such as one that requires the technician to turn a knob toalter the distance between each stabilizer finger, but a simple one isshown here for ease of illustration.

1. A fingertip-positioned artery stabilizer device comprising: Two solidstabilizer fingers each comprising a length and a width, wherein saidstabilizer fingers are configured to be placed over each side of atargeted artery before puncturing said artery; further comprisingextensions and a platform said stabilizer fingers connected to saidplatform; wherein said extensions are further connected to a needleguide, said needle guide configured to stabilize and position the needleof a syringe during needle insertion; wherein a flexible clip member isattached to the platform and configured to allow a technician to holdthe device on said technicians fingers.
 2. A fingertip-positioned arterystabilizer device comprising: Two solid stabilizer fingers eachcomprising a length and a width, wherein said stabilizer fingers areconfigured to be placed over each side of a targeted artery beforepuncturing said artery; further comprising extensions and a platformsaid stabilizer fingers connected to said platform; an adjustment trackconnected to the stabilizer fingers, where the adjustment track allowsthe distance between each stabilizer to be adjusted to accommodatevarious sizes of targeted arteries; wherein a flexible clip member isattached to the platform and configured to allow a technician to holdthe device on said technicians fingers.